Specific emissions of energy
Specific emissions, i.e. emission factors, describe the emission levels released per each produced energy unit.
Specific carbon-dioxide emissions of energy sold by Helen
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Electricity: 271 g/kWh and the amount of nuclear fuel used 1.28 mg/kWh in 2023
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Heat: 162 g/kWh in 2023
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Cooling: 0 g/kWh in 2023
The emissions data for district heat is updated annually in March and that for electricity and cooling in July. See product-specific data on the district heat and renewable district heat product pages.
See product-specific data on the electricity product pages. The certificates of origin of renewable energy and other separate products have an impact on the specific emissions of each product.
Specific carbon dioxide emissions
| Year | Heat (g/kWh) | Electicity (g/kWh) | Cooling (g/kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 162 | 271 | 0 |
| 2022 | 223 | 152 | 0 |
| 2021 | 182 | 74 | 0 |
| 2020 | 182 | 99 | 0 |
| 2019** | 198 | 139 | 18 |
| 2018 | 158 | 191 | 72 |
| 2017 | 172 | 191 | 61 |
| 2016 | 163 | 198 | 68 |
| 2015 | 92 | 191 | 62 |
| 2014 | 96 | 216 | 68 |
| 2013 | 108 | 217 | 59 |
| 2012* | 107 | 209 | 62 |
| 2011 | 98 | 83 | - |
| 2010 | 113 | 128 | - |
| 2009 | 96 | 126 | - |
| 2008* | 53 | 103 | - |
| 2007 | 111 | 260 | - |
| 2006 | 138 | 260 | - |
| 2005 | 82 | 222 | - |
Specific carbon dioxide emissionsCalculation principles
Specific emissions have been calculated for the amount of energy sold to the customer, taking into account the production and distribution losses.
In terms of electricity acquired from the electricity market, specific emissions are based on the calculation by the Finnish Energy Authority.
*The principles of calculating the specific emissions of electricity have changed over the years as a result of changes in the procurement structure and legislation. The specific emissions of electricity sold in 2005–2007 were calculated according to Helen's production structure and in 2008–2011 according to the production structure in Finland. The specific emissions of electricity sold since 2012 have been calculated on the basis of the residual mix on the electricity exchange and separate procurement by the company itself.
**The calculation of specific emissions of heating and cooling was based on the primary energy method (SFS-EN-15316-4-5) in 2005–2018, and on benefit allocation method starting from 2019. More information in our blog (Finnish).